Estimates were age and sex-adjusted, and by using largely overlapping populations during 2019 and 2020 within each of the 306 hospital referral regions analysed, underlying initial health conditions and other potential confounders were considered as being implicitly accounted for. Compared with 2019, mortality in 2020 was 12.4% higher among enrollees without ADRD and 25.7% higher among enrollees with ADRD. Higher rates in 2020 were seen in Asian (36.0%), Black (36.7%), and Hispanic (40.1%) populations with ADRD, with similar rates seen also in subjects without ADRD. Among nursing home residents without ADRD mortality was 24.2% higher, and among nursing home residents with ADRD mortality was 33.4% higher. In areas with low COVID-19 prevalence (lowest quintile for COVID-19 infections in 2020), there was no excess mortality among enrollees without ADRD, but 8.8% higher mortality among community-dwelling enrollees with ADRD and 14.2% higher mortality among enrollees with ADRD living in nursing homes.
Gilstrap L, Zhou W, Alsan M, Nanda A, Skinner JS. Trends in Mortality Rates Among Medicare Enrollees With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias Before and During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Neurol. Published online February 28, 2022.
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Cross-sectional case-control studies