45 patients with post COVID-19 pain and another 45 age and sex-matched healthcare workers who recovered from COVID-19 without pain were included. Participants were subjected to medical history taking, screening for depressive disorders, comprehensive neurological examination, and pain evaluation using the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 questions (DN4). All patients who had a score at least 4/10 on DN4 were included. The serum NFL level was measured for both groups at the time of patients’ enrolment. The frequency of depression, moderate and severe COVID-19 cases, disease duration and serum ferritin were significantly higher in the cases with post COVID-19 pain than controls. Binary logistic regression revealed that depression, azithromycin use, moderate and severe COVID-19 increased the odds of post COVID-19 pain by 4.462, 5.444, 4.901, & 6.276 times, respectively. Cases with post COVID-19 pain had significantly higher NFL (11.34 ± 9.7, 95%CI: 8.42 – 14.25) than control group (7.64 ± 5.40, 95%CI: 6.02-9.27), (P-value= 0.029). Patients with allodynia had significantly higher NFL (14.96 ± 12.41, 95%CI: 8.58-21.35) compared to those without (9.14 ± 6.99, 95%CI: 6.43-11.85) (P-value= 0.05). The authors concluded that depression, azithromycin, moderate and severe COVID-19 are independent predictors of persistent post COVID-19 pain. Serum NFL may serve as a potential biomarker for persistent neuropathic pain after COVID-19.
Magdy R, Eid RA, Fathy W, Abdel-Aziz MM, Ibrahim RI, Yehia A, Sheemy MS, Hussein M. Characteristics and Risk Factors of Persistent Neuropathic Pain in Recovered COVID-19 Patients. Pain Med. 2021 Dec 21:pnab341.
doi: 10.1093/pm/pnab341