Sex differences in the clinical phenotype and progression of AD have been reported, indicating that women are protected relative to men at the prodromal phases but later exhibit steeper cognitive decline and higher rates of brain atrophy. Evidence for sex-specific susceptibility to the effects of the APOE*ε4 allele and to cardiovascular risk factors is mounting, and effects of sex–genotype interactions on responses to HRT and cholinesterase inhibitors have been reported.
Author(s):
Ferretti MT et al
References including authors:
Ferretti MT, Iulita MF, Cavedo E, Chiesa PA, Schumacher Dimech A, Santuccione Chadha A, Baracchi F, Girouard H, Misoch S, Giacobini E, Depypere H, Hampel H; Women’s Brain Project and the Alzheimer Precision Medicine Initiative. Sex differences in Alzheimer disease - the gateway to precision medicine. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018 Aug;14(8):457-469. doi: 10.1038/s41582-018-0032-9. PMID: 29985474.